During a seated calf raise, which muscle acts as the prime mover?

In a seated calf raise, the soleus muscle acts as the prime mover. This muscle is primarily responsible for plantar flexion of the foot, which is the action that occurs when you rise up on your toes during the calf raise movement.

The soleus is situated underneath the gastrocnemius and has a more significant role in this specific exercise due to its position and function. While the gastrocnemius muscle also contributes to calf raises, especially when the knee is extended, the seated position focuses more on isolating the soleus by maintaining a bent knee. This positioning reduces the involvement of the gastrocnemius, thus allowing the soleus to engage more effectively.

Understanding the muscle dynamics during different exercises is crucial, especially when considering factors such as joint position and muscle activation. In summary, the seated calf raise primarily targets the soleus as the main muscle involved in the action.